在學習英語語法的過程中，理解主謂一致的原則是至關重要的。主謂一致指的是句子的主語和謂語動詞在人稱和數上要保持一致。這一原則不僅適用于簡單句，也適用于復合句和復雜句型。掌握主謂一致的規則，可以幫助我們寫出語法正確、表達清晰的句子。

<一> 例句

The professor with a number of students was doing experiments in chemistry lab at that time.

那時教授帶了很多學生正在實驗室做化學實驗。

<二> 語法分析

句子的主語是單數，盡管后面帶有with, as well as, rather than, like, but, except, besides和along等連接的名詞，謂語仍用單數形式。但在口語中，有時根據觀念一致的原則，謂語可以用復數形式。連詞or, either...or, neither...nor, whether..or, not only...but also和not...but等連接并列主語，謂語的單復數依從臨近原則來決定。關系代詞who, that, which等在定語從句中做主語，謂語動詞的數應與先行詞的數一致。

<三> 觸類旁通

(1)A cart and horse was seen in the sistance.

遠處可見一輛馬拉車。

語法分析：如果and連接的兩個詞是指同一個人、同一事物或同一概念，則句子謂語用單數形式。

(2)Nobody except Miss Mary is to join us.

除了瑪麗小姐沒有人要參加到我們中間來。

語法分析：主語是單數，謂語仍用單數形式。

(3)Not one but all of us are hoping to be there.

不是一個人而是我們大家都希望去那里。

語法分析：由連接詞的并列主語，謂語的數依據臨近原則來確定。

(4)None of our parents is a driver.

我們的父母沒有一個是司機。

語法分析：在由noen, either, no和one等作主語時，謂語動詞一般用單數形式。

(5)Lots of damage was caused by the flood.

洪水帶來很大的破壞。

語法分析：a lot of, lots of等+名詞構成的主語，謂語動詞的數依據主語部分中后面的名詞數而定。

(6)Where is your teacher and classmates?

你的老師和同學在哪里?

語法分析：在倒裝句中，謂語動詞往往和其后的第一個主語保持一致。

<四>鞏固練習

1. Where [be] the watch and chain?

2. Smoke and fod [be] often called clever.

3. She, like you and Tom, [be] very clever.

4. The teacher with some of her pupils [be] cleaning the classroom.

5. You or I [be] going to receive them this afternoon.

6. Many a desk and many a bench [be] to be taken out of the room.

7. More than one [be] killed in the battle.

8. Part of the students here very clever.

9. A number os pages in the book [be] broken.

10. The number of students [be] boys in our classroom.

11. One-third of the students [be] boys in our classroom.

12. Four million frances [be] very hones and hard-working.

13. The goverment [be] very honest and hard working.

14. Mankind [make] progress.

答案：

1. is 2. is 3. is 4. was. 5. am 6. is 7. was 8. are 9. are 10. is 11. are 12. is 13. are 14 has been making.