在英語語法中，被動形式的使用非常多樣化，涵蓋了不定式、動名詞、現在分詞和過去分詞等形式。了解這些被動形式的不同用法對于準確表達意圖至關重要。不定式的被動形式可用于賓語、復合賓語等，而動名詞的被動形式則常用于主語或賓語位置。現在分詞和過去分詞也各有其獨特的用法，例如構成復合賓語或狀語。通過對這些形式的深入了解，我們可以更準確地構建句子并傳達所需的語義。

　　<例句>

　　I must ask to be excused.

　　我得請求離開一會。

　　<語法分析>

　　不定式的被動形式用作賓語，此外還可用作復合賓語、定語、狀語、主語和表語等。動名詞的被動形式也可擔任某些句子成分，如可作主語、賓語或介詞賓語等。現在分詞有時用于被動形式，可構成復合賓語，也可以作定語或狀語等。過去分詞本身就有被動意思，可以和系動詞構成謂語，還可構成復合賓語和用作狀語等。

　　<觸類旁通>

　　(1) She begged to be forgiven.

　　她請求寬恕。

　　語法分析：不定式的被動形式用作賓語。

　　(2) She didn't wish the subject to be mentioned in the letter.

　　她不希望在信里提及這個問題。

　　語法分析：不定式的被動形式用作復合賓語。

　　(3) Being offered such a job was sheer good luck.

　　被給予這樣一份工作純屬幸運。

　　語法分析：動名詞的被動形式作主語。

　　(4) I watched the cargo, being hoisted on board.

　　我看著貨物被吊到船上。

　　語法分析：現在分詞的被動形式構成復合賓語。

　　(5) Being well looked after, the baby was in perfect health.

　　由于照顧的好，孩子的身體很健康。

　　語法分析：現在分詞的被動形式用作狀語。

　　(6) I don't want anything said about this.

　　我不希望誰談及此事。

　　語法分析：過去分詞構成復合賓語。

　　<鞏固練習>

　　(1) He didn't like to _____[treat] as a child.

　　(2) I'd like this room to _____[redecorate].

　　(3) His ambition was to _____[make] a cinema actress.

　　(4) She was far from _____[satisfy].

　　(5) I saw him _____[carry] away on a stretcher.

　　(6) _____[ask] to give a performance, she couldn't refuse.

　　(7) _____[frustrate], he returned to his homeland.

　　<參考答案>

　　(1) be treated (2) be redecorated (3) be made (4) being satistied (5) being carried (6) Being asked (7)Frustrated