
在學習英語語法時,情態動詞的使用非常重要,它們能幫助我們表達對現在和過去情況的推測。情態動詞與動詞的不同組合會傳達不同的語氣和意義,因此理解這些用法對于準確表達思想至關重要。本文將介紹情態動詞與動詞原形或現在完成時態連用的基本用法,并通過具體例句分析它們如何表示對當前或過去情況的推測。同時,我們也會觸類旁通,探討其他相關的情態動詞組合及其用法,幫助大家更好地掌握情態動詞的應用技巧。
Can it be true?
這可能是真的嗎?
語法分析
情態動詞和原形動詞連用可以表示對現在情況的推測,情態動詞和現在完成時態連用表示對過去情況的推測。can可以用于肯定句、否定句和疑問句中,may也可用在肯定句和否定句中,但不用在疑問句里。must和have to只用在肯定句里。should (could, might, ought to) + 過去分詞,可表示“原本......而未......”的意思。
觸類旁通
It cannot have been lost in the post.
它不可能落在郵筒里。
語法分析:can和現在完成時態連用,表示對過去情況的推測。
She cannot be his wife.
她不可能是他的妻子。
語法分析:情態動詞和原形動詞連用可以表示對現在情況的推測。
That may be so, but I doubt it.
事情可能就是這樣,但我對此表示懷疑。
語法分析:may用在肯定句和否定句里,但不用在疑問句里。
He must be in.
他一定在家。
語法分析:must只用在肯定句里。
I should have gone there alone.
我本該一個人到那里。
語法分析:should或could might ought to + 過去分詞,表示“原本......而未......”的意思。
鞏固練習
She could not _____[see] me yesterday because I wasn't there.
Could he _____[hear] of her?
It may _____[be] your mistake.
English may ____[hard], but it's so useful.
She may _____[go] somewhere else.
She might not ____[mad].
She must _____[read] in the reading-room.
They should _____[arrive] there by this time.
You might _____[complete] the work earlier.
You ought to _____[give] me something to eat then.
參考答案
have seen
have heard
have been
be hard
have gone
be mad
be reading
have arrived
have completed
have given